What Do You To Prevent Muscle Cramping During Games?

Submitted by XM - Mt 1822 on September 13th, 2023 at 11:37 AM

Mates,

Serious topic here.  Our middle three sons play football, and cramping during games has been at least a minor issue for all of them, one in particular though has missed more than a quarter of playing time because of significant leg cramps.   Among the preventatives tried so far include:

1.  Water!  The one with the worst cramps drank so much water all week that he said he could barely make it through class without going to the bathroom.

2.  Electrolytes.  They use those.

3.  Salt.  I know this is a long-time recommendation, but I have read that while taking salt will help you retain water, you retain in a way that is difficult for your body to access.  In other words, it's not actually helpful. 

4.  Pickle Juice/Brine.  Seems like salt in liquid form. 

5.  Magnesium.   Had not heard of this one before.  

Anyway, please weigh in with any suggestions you might have and thank you.  I should add that they are all uber-lean, and I wonder if that actually contributes to the issue. 

XM  

IYAOYAS

September 13th, 2023 at 3:08 PM ^

Liquid IV is very good. My marathon running wife has found Keppi Keto, found on Amazon, to be superior.

Also magnesium supplements as well as potassium rich foods. Apricots rolled in coarse kosher or sea salt. 

Vitamin D is mentioned below. Many people are deficient. It’s fat soluble so takes a while to build up. 

1989 UM GRAD

September 13th, 2023 at 11:43 AM ^

I walk very deliberately through the concourse...and take my time getting up and down the stairs to my seats.  

When the time comes to stand up or sit down, I move very slowly, brace myself with at least one hand on the bench, and make a noise that is appropriate to the level of effort.  

Dennis

September 13th, 2023 at 11:45 AM ^

Cramping occurs for the following reasons:

- dehydration

- muscle fatique

- vitamin deficiency (calcium & vitamin D)

- genetic predisposition/anatomy

I'm assuming your sons are also growing bodies. They will have natural imbalances, in their joints, muscle body, and circulatory systems, especially depending on their level of physical fitness.

I would recommend a multivitamin with calcium, magnesium, vitamin D, and B12. That being said, some of it is unavoidable and if they're self-reporting - it's difficult to say the root cause.

I would avoid static stretching as well and have them do dynamic stretching and calisthenics for warm ups. Growing muscles don't need static stretching and the research on static stretching is increasingly ambiguous as to its value. 

Source: Mrs. Dennis is an athletic trainer and kinesiologist. 

 

Buffalowing Blue

September 13th, 2023 at 12:21 PM ^

Growing up I had massive headaches from the time I was in elementary to high school.  I told multiple doctors about this and none of them told me to cut back on caffeine and drink more friggin water.  It would have saved me hundreds of days coming home from school and taking an advil then laying down in bed to get rid of the headache.

S.G. Rice

September 13th, 2023 at 12:02 PM ^

Potassium, especially if it's not included under "electrolytes".

They actually sell pickle juice (separate from jars of pickles) for this purpose, I picked one up the last time I was in Wal Mart to try it but mercifully no leg cramps for a few months.

I see a lot of ads lately for Hyland's Leg Cramps but that's another product I have not tried.

Magnus

September 13th, 2023 at 12:28 PM ^

Yep, I drink 1-2 LMNT packets per day, depending on my level of activity. (If it's summer and I'm in the heat a lot, it's more likely to be 2.)

Pickle juice and olive juice have both been very helpful for me, too. I save the jars or, if I'm the only one eating pickles, I just sip a little bit.

Stretching has also been helpful. I used to get a lot of cramps, especially in my calves, but that has largely dissipated.

I also take about 360 milligrams of magnesium every night, but I'll take 480-600 if I've done a ton of sweating.

Cramps can also result from minor injuries to the tissue.

In my experience, if I'm cramping in my hamstrings, I need to be REALLY careful about how I proceed because I can pull my hamstring pretty easily at that point. I can generally loosen up calf cramps pretty easily, but hamstrings are bad news for me.

The worst cramps I ever get are in my abs. If I'm doing an ab workout and don't replenish my electrolytes, then just bending over to put on socks or shoes can cause an ab cramp...yikes. They're hard to stretch out, too.

Tim in Huntsville

September 13th, 2023 at 3:49 PM ^

I second the recommendation for LMNT (pronounced 'Element').  I am a climber and both did heavy keto last summer to cut 35 pounds *and* climbed tons outdoors in the heat here in Alabama.  I had nasty cramps; I even had both thighs cramp at the same time.  I do 2 - 3 LMNT packets *and* drink GatorLyte when I climb or work outdoors in the heat.

Note: I am a cpa/computer geek and not a doctor, so this is not official advice.  For your kids, I would run it by a doctor.

Booted Blue in PA

September 13th, 2023 at 12:30 PM ^

salt packets and more water was the military's answer to cramping.... but then again..... 900 mg ibuprofin tablets were handed out like pez, so they might not have been giving the best advice for day to day medical issues.

Magnus

September 13th, 2023 at 12:30 PM ^

Pickle juice has been the #1 most helpful thing for my players over the years. We had one kid in particular who used to get terrible cramps, but once we got him on the pickle juice train, the problems went away completely. (He was the fastest player I've ever had, so it really sucked when he would cramp up and we would lose him for a stretch.)

dickdastardly

September 13th, 2023 at 1:16 PM ^

I haven't perused the responses but one really needs to start hydrating way before game time. And one wants to find that balance so that one doesn't find themselves wanting to urinate more so than often. Unfortunately, one is always behind the curve when it comes to hydration during excessive exertion.

Pro tip: do not include coconut water unless you want to add explosive diarrhea to the sidelines.

dragonchild

September 13th, 2023 at 1:26 PM ^

1.  Water:  Let's get something out of the way.  The whole "water toxicity" thing is a disingenuous meme.  The premise is that if you drink too much water without replenishing electrolytes, you'll throw off the mineral balance in your bloodstream, which can lead to dangerous situations.  As long as you take water and electrolytes together, in balance, there is no upper limit to water intake -- you have to do something insane like literally rupture your stomach to harm yourself.  So drink drink drink, BUT keep the water/electrolyte ratio balanced.

Speaking of which:

2.  Electrolytes, Salt, Magnesium, Pickle Juice, Bananas:  These are all the same bucket.  When you sweat you lose various ions like sodium, magnesium, calcium, and potassium:

  • Calcium and magnesium serum levels are very tightly regulated by the body (bad things happen when you lose serum ion balance).  Excess is stored in bone so you won’t lose enough in any single workout to worry about.  HOWEVER, be sure to replenish through diet afterwards so you're not deficient -- because of the ultra-tight regulation, you won't feel it until you've done serious damage to yourself (albeit after months of dietary deficiency), and you can't replenish quickly.  Calcium gets the press because of the milk industry's marketing, fine, but magnesium is just as important -- literally, as in, you should be consuming magnesium and calcium in 1:1 ratio.  Mg sources:  seeds, nuts, whole grains.
  • Sodium (salt) and potassium, more of it's in your blood and thus lost to sweat.  On a hot day and/or when chugging pure water, levels can drop dangerously fast.  Look for sports drinks with both.  As for food, everything has salt so just be sure replenish potassium afterwards; you don't want to put a banana in your stomach during a hard workout or it's likely to come right back up.

3.  Stretch stretch stretch.  Helps with both prevention and mitigation.  Some cramps are just working a tight muscle.  And also, when cramps do happen, it sure helps to be loose!  I've gotten a cramp on an already-tight muscle and the pain was screaming agony.  Stretching also helps prevent and attenuate contact injuries (makes sense -- you take less damage when you're bendy).

  • Stretch every muscle.  Not just the ones you think you'll use.  For example, even if you're mostly running around, you use core & back muscles for stability and arms as counterweights.  I've finished a day of sports with my neck surprisingly sore -- what's keeping your noggin stable all the while?  Also you never know what'll get hit if there's contact.  Go top to bottom or vice versa so you don't miss anything.
  • After stretching every muscle, go back over and re-stretch ones that are particularly tight.  Depends on the individual, but my abs and calves tend to be difficult to loosen, so I'll put an extra 20-30 minutes into those, especially if it's chilly.
  • Yoga has some excellent stretches.  Don't worry about what they look like or your priorities are all out of whack.  The Michigan football team has performed yoga in public.

MgoBlaze

September 13th, 2023 at 3:41 PM ^

Hard agree on yoga. My hamstrings used to cramp pretty frequently when doing judo/bjj before incorporating sun salutations into my warmups. Now I don't remember the last time they cramped.

Also, edibles in low doses (10mg-ish) have helped me too, though obvs that's probably not an option for kids.

MRunner73

September 13th, 2023 at 1:57 PM ^

Magnesium does help but it is not a cure-all. You left out stretching all of the leg muscles. This needs to be a daily thing. Before, during and after all practices. Look into buying a rolling stick. This will flush out the lactic acid that forms from exercising. I do it in the evening before bed. I took a rolling stick with me before a race which also help keep the muscle tone very loose. 

Uber leans has nothing to do with this issue, in fact, their legs are carrying less weight or the problem could be much worse.

Just google- runner's rolling stick, and a number of products should up. Also google-leg cramps or chronic leg cramps, Web MD might have some insight.

Good luck. If all of this fails, they should consult a physical therapist. 

dragonchild

September 13th, 2023 at 6:04 PM ^

The thing about magnesium is that as a serum ion your body has to keep levels extremely stable. Too much is as bad as none, so if you take a megadose your body will just fire up the kidneys and pee 99% of it out. You can’t recover magnesium quickly; your body will pull from stores (primarily bone) to keep serum levels stable, anyway.

I became deficient once due to some meds and it took months of supplementation to recover because the process is inherently inefficient. The body can tolerate serum Mg levels only a teeeeny bit above baseline and has to flush any excess, so it replenishes a little at a time no matter how much you take.

The key to prevent Mg from becoming a problem is to avoid deficiency in the first place through diet. Any Mg in what you’re drinking has that specific benefit, but beyond that it’s basically a placebo.

P.S. Ditto calcium. No one thinks sweating can destabilize Ca ions because it doesn’t — your body will borrow from its bones to prevent that. But excessive sweating can lead to osteoporosis in the long term if you don’t replenish through diet.